Yes, to provide such an option, you may create an Order Attribute with the Single file upload type:
In the attribute settings, it is possible to define the maximum file size for the uploaded file and the allowed file types.
Here is how the attribute looks on the frontend:

Since version 4.0.0 we added validation for files uploaded via the Single File Upload attributes (Please note: this update is backward incompatible as the mandatory attribute_code parameter was added to the uploadFile API endpoint)